The Civilization that Contributed the Most to the...

The Civilization that Contributed the Most to the Development of Medicine and Health in Ancient Times All three of the civilisations named above have contributed immensely to the medicine we practice today and the things we do in modern life to keep healthy. Without any one of these, our understanding of the human body, medicine and health would be very primitive. Some people believe the Egyptians were the first of the three to help further our knowledge into medicine. This is purely because of the fact that they lived before the Greek and Roman Empires, meaning they had enough time to develop theories that I will now show and explain to you. The Egyptians used water transport methods like irrigation†¦show more content†¦But there were a few reasons that put that opinion into a different perspective; the main of which being the fact that they relied too much in God and in a situation where they had to choose between God and practical medicine, they almost always chose the side of God. This point is better explained in this comparison table: Superstition Practical  µ The doctor was a guardian of the  µ The Pharaoh had different doctors for body spirits. He warded off the evil each part of his body  µ Some people prayed when taking  µ The women used chemical birth control cures as if it were part of the process  µ Many of the writings were prayers  µ Medicinal cures were developed for illnesses  µ Emote was a priest in his lifetime as well as a doctor  µ Imhotep wad made a God after his death They believed that everything happened because of God and to overcome the problem, disease or illness, they had to repent to the Gods and hope they will take mercy upon them. This, they noticed, did not work – but they continued this for many years because of the fear of their God’s wrath. After all of this, there was still the problem that their ides weren’t developed fully and many mistakes were made; plus the fact that their operations were practised underShow MoreRelatedSimilarities And Differences Between Ancient Greece And Greek Medicine1675 Words   |  7 Pageshistoric medical practices of Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece. I will explore the different factors and unique evidence that contributed to the early medical development of each ancient complex civilization and how they formed the basis for modern medical practice today. These various resources will help to illuminate and explore the rituals, religions, beliefs about life and death, knowledge, illness, cures and medical practices in the everyday life of the people from that time period. One of the biggestRead MoreGreek, India, and China Contributions552 Words   |  2 Pagesof these civilizations were created around the same time and fell around the same time period. Even though all these civilizations took place in around the same time period they all have very different impacts on the world we have today. In the times of Ancient Greece, India, and China there were numerous contributions that influenced us today, but, Greece had more contributions in math and medicine that lead them to have the greatest overall impact on us today. Greece has contributed a lot to societyRead MoreContribution of Engineers in Society1175 Words   |  5 Pagesprofessional judgments to ensure trust and confidence of public. Since ancient era to recent technological age, participation and contribution of engineers have been seen in all ways of life. Involvement and contributions of engineers are tremendous and playing important roles in almost all aspects of human being life. Let us discuss from the following few angles: - 1)HSE Engineers in their profession, shall identify the safety and health risks in their works, assess them and take steps to minimize andRead MoreEssay on Islam and Science2729 Words   |  11 Pagesgreat interest in science. The Dark Ages for Europeans were centuries of philosophical and scientific discovery and development for Muslim scholars. The Arabs at the time assimilated the ancient wisdom of Persia and the classical heritage of Greece, as well as adapting their own ways of thinking (Hitti 363). The Islamic ability to reconcile monotheism and science prooves to be a first time in human thought that theology, philosophy, and science were coordinated in a unified whole. Thus, their contributionRead MoreThe Ways Of The Nile River1355 Words   |  6 Pagesanimals and gather plants. As time went on, people had to raise crops and began to domesticate animals. As people farmed, they began to settle in small villages and then towns were then developed. At around 5000 B.C., Egypt was developed. Without the Nile River, Egypt would be nothing but a desert since it receives such little rainfall. The Nile River has provided Egypt with fertile land which had allowed it to become one of the greatest civilizations of the ancient world. Egypt relied heavilyRead MoreTaking a Look at Pharmacists2543 Words   |  10 Pages Pharmacy is an essential part of modern day health care. Pharmacists today are well trained, highly skilled and easily accessible to the public. However, pharmacy was not always as convenient and advanced as it currently is today. Since the times of prehistoric man, pharmacy has evolved greatly over the years and has become a safer, more efficient and more important part of society. There are still many opinions about pharmacy’s origin because many theories are based on logic and analogies ratherRead MoreHistory of the world in 6 glasses2699 Words   |  11 Pagesthe Sumerians and Egyptians. One turning point in history is that beer might have played a role in the adoption of agriculture, according to some anthropologists. Wine: The origin of wine is lost in prehistory: its invention or discovery was so ancient that it is recorded only indirectly, in myth and legend. Archaeological evidence suggests that wine was first produced during the Neolithic period, between 9000 and 4000 BCE. It was produced in the Zagros Mountains because three factors in thatRead MoreTechnology Through The Ages Essay1870 Words   |  8 PagesEven though technology may seem like a hassle for the older generations, it has greatly impacted the world because most families are dependent on technology as a part of their daily lives. Living in a modern society, technology has changed the world in an optimistic way, making many lives easier, safer, and better. Over the years, technology has grown like a young child; it started off crawling, then it learned to walk, and finally matured enough to run at a speed at which it is impossible to catchRead MoreEssay about A Career in Dentistry1775 Words   |  8 Pages To a dentis t the most important job is to â€Å"make a patient feel safe and provide them with the best care possible† (Fasbinder) There are many other factors to the job. It is imperative that a dentist assess any situation, use critical thinking, practice good judgment, listen to his/her patient, and lead his staff quickly and effectively. A dentist must look out for the patient above all else. Dentists must make a diagnosis, avert, and treat problems with teeth and oral tissue. When two dentistsRead MoreShould America Seek Assimilation Of Cultures Or Embrace Multiculturalism? Essay2000 Words   |  8 Pagessociety. It is no secret, there are many regions around the world knew the diversity and difference in different forms such as; ethnic, racial, religious, cultural, and economic since ancient times. However, it has taken on new dimensions in the internal, regional and international developments that have occurred in recent times, particularly since the beginning of the century. Mu lticulturalism in the contemporary and modern countries such as, the United States which is governed by strict laws is differ

Essay on Modern Platos Cave - 513 Words

In the Allegory of the Den written by Plato. In his writing he explains human beings live in an underground den, here they have been from their childhood, and have their legs and necks chained so that they cannot move. Being prevented by the chains from turning round their heads. The three areas in modern American life that relate to Platos cave are school, community, and home or personal issues. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of the areas of modern American life that relates to Platos den is school. In grades 1-6 (elementary) kids dont really know anything bout life. Kids just play, act crazy, and dont think of other genders. After elementary is over they go to middle school. While in†¦show more content†¦The society blames ethnic people of committing crimes and they wont be able to get a job. The ethnic culture in isolated towns is rare, when people see other cultures such as: Asian, Mexican, etc. Most people consider them as weird or when they hear other peoples language. In small towns, there are a lot of stereotypes. They dont wont change. The law is what also makes this world a cave. The law is created to stop violence and criminals. If you disobey the laws then you either get put in jail or put to death. It relates to being put in chains being prevented from turning our heads. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The final reason is your personal issues or living at home. For instance your the rules of the house, being on home at a certain hour, and doing chores around the house. The chores relates of also being chained up, not being able to relax, watch television. Brothers and sisters keep on bugging you and not giving you any space. Going home at a certain time, not having the freedom of staying out as late as you want. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the Allegory of the Den by Plato, it talks about being imprisoned or feeling imprisoned and being put in chains. In modern American life that feel imprisoned are school, community and home. The three areas (school, community, and home) relate to the cave because all three have to do with freedom. Not being able to do what theyShow MoreRelatedPlatos 4 Analogies Of The Republic Analysis1579 Words   |  7 PagesIn Books VI and VII of the The Republic, Plato uses the four analogies to represent his theory of justice in the ideal state. The four analogies include the ship, the sun, the divided line, and the cave. The analogies of the ship, and the cave are used by Plato to represent the people of the state and proving his argument that philosophers are the true rulers of the state. The divided line and the sun analogies also supports Plato’s point about philosophers obtaining intellectual knowledge apposedRead MoreThe Theory Of The Chair1282 Words   |  6 Pagesobjects imperfect, because they are copies of the original idea. Plato believed that there were two worlds; the visible and the intelligible. The visible world is based off the senses, what is perceived around us, and it is a world made of up of change and unce rtainty. The intelligible world is unchanging and perfect, such as ideas. These two realms are applied in the passage â€Å"The Allegory of the Cave†. In the â€Å"Allegory of the Cave† the prisoners that are forced to watch the shadowy figures areRead More The Cave and the Matrix Essay993 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cave and the Matrix Movie critics and philosophers alike agree that the movie â€Å"The Matrix† is indeed based upon certain Platonic themes from Book VII of The Republic. In this story entitled The Allegory of the Cave, he describes a dark underground cave where a group of people are sitting in one long row with their backs to the caves entrance. Chained to their chairs from an early age, all the humans can see is the distant cave wall in from of them. The shadows of statues held by unseenRead MorePlato And Plato s Republic1119 Words   |  5 PagesThe ancient Greek Philosopher Plato had an interest in finding the ideal government. In Plato’s Republic, he discusses his ideas and views of how this ideal government would function. He believed that people are born into 3 different classes, with different responsibilities (Plato 415a). Only people in the â€Å"golden† class were fit to rule. The most effective of these rulers would be philosophers, as they have knowledge of the good of the whole (Plato 473d). This system seems too perfect for me. IRead MoreAnalysis Of Phillipe Benetons Equality By Default1062 Words   |  5 Pagessuggests that equality comes not from careful consideration nor from a protracted thought process. Instead, default suggests that equality stems instead from the absence of active consideration due to the lack of a viable alternative. To Beneton, â€Å"Modern Thought (Equality by default)... is characterized by the rejection of the good life as the end of political action† (7). In simple terms, equality by default is based on the idea that two things cannot possibly be anything other than equal. FurthermoreRead MoreThe Allegory of the Cave in the Movie The Matrix Essay1290 Words   |  6 Pagesthe modern day telling of Othello. Sometimes, though, these older themes are not as obvious, especially when they represent complex thoughts first uttered centuries ago. With the focus in recent years on a return to the classics, it should not be surprising to find allusions to our more famous Greek philosophers represented in popular films and shows. Andy and Larry Wachowski’s movie The Matrix shows a strong resemblance in its central theme to that of Plato’s The Allegory of the Cave. Read MoreComparing Chomsky And Plato s Time1686 Words   |  7 Pages Chomsky and Plato both believe that the people in charge of the government during their times manipulate the public; they differ in what they think the replacement for the elites are. In the Republic Plato thinks the ruling class should be replaced with philosophers, in manufacturing consent Chomsky believes the rulering class should be replaced with the masses and democracy. Some of the reasons for this different mindset is the environment they were in at the time of righting their books. So firstRead MoreEssay on Caves to Knowledge or Knowledge to Aid567 Words   |  3 Pages â€Å"Allegory of a Cave† by Plato is and interesting story that is meant to educate the reader. By presenting a fictional story Plato is able to symbolize many aspects of our lives that we do not often think about. This story is symbolic of many important periods in our lives like education, growing up from a child to an adult, and even visiting a foreign country. It is these important events in our lives that Plato wants us to think about and examine so that we better understand how we develop andRead MorePlato And Aristotle s Views On Life794 Words   |  4 PagesAnalogy of Plato and Aristotle Aristotle and Plato were each great intellectual however their views on life are totally different. Plato was born round the year 428 BCE in Athens. (Plato) Plato was then introduce to was introduced to philosophy by Socrates in 469-399 B.C.( Plato)Who then became is mentor, however Socrates died , however shortly after his mentor die he had an an inspiration to induce his into politics this then lead him to be educated in Mediterranean. Plato then startedRead MoreEssay on Comparing the Republic to the Modern Society831 Words   |  4 Pagesof The Republic to our modern society In Plato’s The Republic, Plato illustrates what his ideal city would look like. He describes the educational systems, ideal legislators and the purposes of democracy. The republic influenced many people to understand the purpose for democracy, and it led to new philosophical schools of thought. Although this work was written hundreds of years ago, it still affects our modern world today. One of the most important things that Plato stresses is the importance

Trade Deficit Free Essays

Trade Deficit and Current Account Deficit [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institution] Trade Deficit and Current Account Deficit Critically examine this statement, â€Å"Current Account Deficits do not seem to matter anymore – the US$ appears to remain unaffected by escalating US trade deficits†, by reference to the â€Å"Balance of Payments Approach† to exchange rate determination The trade deficit of the US is at exorbitantly high levels. Many economists suggest that depreciating the US dollar would help put a squeeze on United States enthusiasm for globally produced goods. Since this move of depreciation would inherently curb the exaggerated import costs that the US so loves to incur. We will write a custom essay sample on Trade Deficit or any similar topic only for you Order Now Furthermore, these three critical factors essentially would help limit the import prices incurred by US due to the trend of rising demands that has permeated in the societal culture: * The practice of using USD for US trade invoicing; * Exporters concerns on market share dynamics, and; * The outrageous US distribution costs. $759 billion is the aggregated US trade deficit in 2006. This is six percent of the actual nominal GDP of the country. One of the biggest contributory factors is the impasse of plethora of imported goods from foreign lands. In the perspective of numerous investigators and policymakers, dollar depreciation remains a crux system for tending to this export-import imbalance and restoring the worldwide competitiveness of American producers. Indeed in principle, a weaker dollar might as well raise the expense of different merchandise for U. S. consumers, in this manner diminishing U. S. mandate for imports in the meantime that it helps gather interest by foreign nations for U. S. products by making the country’s exports increasingly cost-focused abroad. My investigation uncovers that dollar depreciation is unrealistic to shut the exchange crevice courageously. To make sure, remote request for U. S. exports may as well develop, as speculation predicts. Since basically all U. S. exports to different nations are invoiced in dollars, remote buyers will determine an instantaneous profit from dollar depreciation as the expense of their buys decreases in varying foreign currencies. Notwithstanding, the value of outside imports for U. S. consumers will be impressively increasingly versatile to conversion standard updates. Exchange invoicing practices, it is contended, donate altogether to the lack of care of import costs to trade rates. Since very nearly the sum of the products that the United States imports, for instance those it exports, are invoiced in dollars, the costs of foreign made merchandise remain settled for a period when trade rates change. Also, even in the longer term—over, state, the year emulating dollar depreciation—the craving of outside makers to remain focused in the huge U. S. business sector might lead them to oppose expanding the dollar value of their products. Beyond any doubt, the atypically towering showcasing and appropriation takes added to imports once they drop in the United States—fetches designated in dollars—further isolate the last utilization value of foreign made merchandise from conversion scale updates. The American President stated that: â€Å"The best way to, deal with the trade deficit is to make sure that America is the best place in the world to do business†¦ † Examine this view that promoting growth is more effective than direct targeting of the trade deficit USA is a diverse country with numerous of its regions continuously producing high growth, innovative companies. These companies have risen above the economic downturn that hit the global economy in the start of the 21st century. Rather with surprise, the diverse US states boast such companies not only distributed in the locales of Silicon Valley and Boston but rather in most of its states. End of 2012; saw a sharp decline in the trade deficit of the US. In this period, oil imports drastically reduced whereas exports increase sharply. This essentially iterates that the shrinking trade gap, has improved on the government’s estimated growth and trade deficit levels. Furthermore, the levels reached in the closing months of 2012 indicate towards levels that have not been observed in the last three years. This is a positive inducement. Exportation of US products saw rise in oil exports and other petroleum based-product exports. Further, aircraft sales and agricultural good sales also demonstrated positive increment. Various economists believe that this is a very encouraging sign. Though, economists have stated that the essential focus of the US treasury should be to enhance growth in the country, and secondary considerations should be given to the trade deficit. This assertion is based on the belief that reinvigorating the business systems of the country would deplete the rising gap between the socio economic classes of the country. Furthermore, individual families would be given financial stability and long term sustainability. It also has to state that the narrowed gap between imports and exports, i. e. the trade deficit, essentially iterate that US corporations earn extra then their foreign counterparts. Furthermore, domestic consumption of foreign goods is also less in comparison. It is expected that the companies are not piling up their inventories; this indirectly suggests that curbing expenses including cuts in defence spending would help in keeping a positively skewed growth rate in the future months. These events would see an additional negative pressure on the trade deficit that has started to show signs of decrease. As such economists are of the view that trade will be favourably impacted in 2013. These forecasts are dependent on premises that iterate that the EU debt crisis will finally show some features of stabilizing. This would further give a positive boost to the US exports. Moreover, economic growth witnessed in Asia would also positively impact the growth potential of the US. One of the biggest negatives for US is the rising trade deficit between China and the US. This trade deficit climbed to a spectacular 300 billion mark in 2012. This would be the biggest pressure point on the growth prospects of the US economy. Economists have confronted this issue by attacking the economic policies of China, specifically the country’s practices to artificially peg their currency at far lower levels, than is required. This assertion is made with the logic that such an economic move by China would essentially lower the costs of its exports in the US. UK trade statistics show similar trends to the US situation. Review the suggestion of b) above for the UK situation UK trade statistics show similar trends of that of US i. e. ever-increasing trade deficits and curbing growth prospects. Given these circumstances and the global economic turmoil that hit the global economies in the early years of the millennia, it is disappointing to even follow the growth prospects of the World, let alone the UK. Britain’s trade deficit also demonstrates a serious picture of disappointment. Economic chiefs of the country suggest that the super competitive currency i. e. the British Pound Sterling can be the glimmer of hope in this dismal economic prospect. This is because the currency is almost a quarter below the pre financial crisis levels. In 2008, December reports indicated that the nation’s deficit consumed after trade sharply rose to 14 billion pounds. One of the biggest factors of this deficit jump is attributed to magnified increase in aircraft import costs. Given these factors, it juxtaposes a truly saddening prospect for the country. Economists who eagerly made plans to rebalance the economic prospects of the economy, by cashing on the decline in pounds value to feed increases through export based growth. BoE has thus decided to restrict any particular changes to the interest rates. This was due to suggestions that raising the rates would cause pound to appreciate, thus thwarting the trade prospects, negatively. Nonetheless, declining GBP has not appeased the concerns of above targeted and persistent economic inflation, as well as higher than necessary import prices. Current UK growth prospects and outlook suggests that the region would see improvements, although the road to recovery would be filled with bumps and slowness. Outlook prospects also indicate that consumer spending would be positively impacted. Furthermore, squeezes on real incomes would also subside, slowly. These are thoughts that do not cross the normal household. As such they remain scared, and cautious towards excessive spending. This is keeping a tap on growth. UK economy does not have the support of infrastructure of commerce that is established in the US. As such the economy is overfilled, without vacuum, and without much chances of astronomical growth. Additionally, close associations with a debt ridden EU has also kept pressures on growth. Though, it is accepted that growth in the nation is the biggest policy to be looked for, economic wise. Moreover, trade deficit should be given a secondary consideration. References Smith, David (2011) Trade Deficit Sunday Times The Balance of Payments and Macroeconomic Policy in an Open Economy Book Chapter How to cite Trade Deficit, Essay examples

Intergrating Technology in Business Organizations †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Intergrating Technology in Business Organizations. Answer: Introduction: Toyota Motor Corporation is an international business that specializes on the manufacture, production and sale of automotive appliances. It is actually Japanese multinational automotive company in the automotive industry whose headquarters are based Aichi, Japan. The company operates in more than 26 countries in the world with over 50 stores or rather locations overseas (Nkomo, 2013). From history, Toyota is the worlds largest and oldest automotive manufacturer, besides being listed in the top ten companies in relation to revenue earned per year. Being a multinational company, Toyota has employed more than 340, 000 skilled, experienced and knowledgeable employees all over the world. Since when it was started back in 1937 by Kiichiro Toyoda, the company has been increasing and improving its performance and productivity year after year (New, 2007). Toyota has been named as one of the top most ranked companies that have manufactured the most number of cars since they were commenced. The vehicles of the company are sold in over 170 countries in the world. General Motors Company, also known as the GM is a multinational company that operates from Detroit, Michigan, US. The company was founded in 1908 by William C. Durant. GM Company specializes on the production and manufacture of automotive appliances which it sells all over the world(Twarowska and K?kol, 2013). In addition to manufacturing, the company also designs, markets and distributes both vehicle spare parts and vehicles themselves. The business operates in most of the technologically developed countries like in China Russia, Pakistan, India and USA. The company is currently listed as one of the largest developing automotive businesses in the world especially after being termed as the largest automotive manufacture in the world from 1931-2007. For the company to stay as on going, it has always been updated when it comes to technology usage and advancement (Chibafa, 2016). GMs product quality improves when the technology is improved. Besides relying on the technology to manufacture their products, the companies also concentrates on ensuring that their corporate governance, management team, marketing operations, sales techniques, advertising and the actual manufacturing processes are also effective(Gawer, 2014). However, in this modern technological world, most businesses are currently relying on the technology to conduct most of their business operations, including making sales, procurement, marketing and advertising, production processes, management, communication to name just but a few (Gaimon et al, 2017). Therefore, Toyota and GM being global businesseshave always made use of the technology to perform these operations. In this assignment, the research will focus on discussing various major business aspects that global organizations like Toyota and GM have in common and the differences between the two in relation to these aspects. As for Toyota Company, it is clear that over the last decades, the company has grown and developed to become one of the best and largest automotive companies in the world. Apparently, it beat General Motors back in 2008 after General Motors failure in the industry. Toyota operates in a global scale operations whereby it has factories, assembling stores, selling markets and manufacturing locations in most parts of the world (Robbins et al, 2013), e.g. Australia, Sri Lanka, India, Canada, Indonesia, South Africa, Poland, France, Brazil, United Kingdom to name just but a few. For this reason, the company has concentrated on ensuring the continuous of its growth and development pattern by working on different strategies that can help it maintain its position in the global market and its revenue levels among other things (Ichijo and Kohlbacher, 2007). The globalization strategies used by the company mostly originate from the Japanese specialists that have access and experience in analyzin g and evaluating global markets especially in the automobile industry. Apparently, Toyota Motors uses the KAIZEN strategy whose principles focuses on product quality improvement and development. The strategy is an integrative strategy which means that it has many roles and functions to play in a businesss operations. Apparently, in this case, the strategy focuses on ensuring that there is gradual improvement, management and continuous business activities and procedures whose function and responsibility is to improve quality, productivity and competitiveness of a product/service produced by the company (Wang et al, 2016). The strategy basically focuses on ensuring that the products are of high and best quality by involving new technology in the manufacturing process. KAIZEN strategy in Toyota Company has played a major role in ensuring increased research and development by use of innovative technology with the aim of improving the companys production methods and many other operations like sales, marketing, assembling, advertising among others(Audenino, 2 012). With the strategy, the company is always able to maneuver in the global economic environment, achieve global production and sales and attracted more customers than other automotive companies simply because of the quality of the product it produces. Manufacturing Technology Interface To be the worlds most recognized and popular automotive company, Toyota focuses on developing and improving the resources that it uses to manufacture its products. As an automotive company, Toyota relies heavily on technology development and advancement (Stacks and Ulmer, 2009). On the other hand, it is important to note that with the current world, the technology advancement is becoming a drastic and frequent operation that causes immense positive impacts to the world. This means that, the companys resources become well equipped, available and effective for their purpose especially in the lean production brought about by the developed technology (Stacks and Ulmer, 2009). The company manufactures its products with the use of technology which is now evolving (Gawer, 2014). Recently, Toyota has started manufacturing electric cars which require much better and improved technology. The company has also been concentrating on improving the ITS technology that was introduced in vehicles. Ho wever much the company values technology development, it also values the modernization and revolution that is being brought about by the automotive companies in the world. According to Pil and Fujimoto, 2007, the companys lean and reflective manufacturing processes have and will always be based on the technology development levels. Toyota is an extremely large company that operates in almost all parts of the world. This means that its marketing operations should certainly be well managed and controlled for Toyota to maintain its leading position in the world. The companys product brands are famous and popular in most parts of the world. However, the competition from companies like GM has forced Toyota to increase and improve its marketing techniques into methods that can be effective and efficient for the company at large. In that case, the company has always utilized the nature of technology development into achieving its marketing objectives. The company has conducted its promotions, advertisements and marketing operations in the internet or rather social media networks like Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Wikipedia, goggle among others. The company has pages on all of these sites and many others where it is able to communicate with and to its customers when need be. Through these sites, the company is able all its markets, employees, managers and customers around the world. Organization Technology Interface The organization technology is entirely related to the use of technology in ensuring effective and efficient organizational structure in a business. Toyota Company uses an organizational structure that is capable of affecting its technology innovation status (Loyd, 2016). The organizational structure is focused on ensuring effective and efficient production of the products. The companys structure is effectively coordinated by the top management team headed by a number of company presidents (Sosnovskikh, 2016). The roles and responsibilities allocated to each employee are specifically allocated according to the employees skills, expertise, experience and knowledge of the field (Robbins et al, 2013). Therefore, this means that in case of manufacturing (which is done by the IT department experts, then the company and employees does their best to ensure product production and quality standard achievement. Being an international company, General Motors has to focus on its customer base, product brand and name, business name and other aspects that contribute to improving a businesss value in the global market. The company takes a different turn when it focuses on its operations besides its customer base which is largest in US followed by China, Brazil, UK, Canada, Russia and Germany. The company uses a strategy that is currently being used by most motor companies (Twarowska and K?kol, 2013). The company uses the strategy whose product creation and manufacture focuses entirely on the global market and not a specific single market. Traditionally, GM used to use the developing countries as dumping sites for second hand or rather used cars. The company focused only on producing new cars for the already developed countries therefore being attributed to consumer discrimination. However, the company decided years back that it should concentrate on ensuring that it has a large market share and segment in the global market by considering every type of customer (Goussak et al, 2012). Also, for the last few years, the company has implemented some majorly important techniques to improve its overall operations, especially those that relate to product quality, growth, development and recognition, i.e. lead in production and technology, grow its product brand and line, grow its markets world-wide and ensure efficient operations. Manufacturing Technology Interface General Motors Company designs, builds and sells cars, trucks, buses, car spare parts and other automobile appliances. The company develops, manufactures and assembles the vehicles to sell in its international market whose competition levels are extremely high and close. However, to beat its competition, GM has focused on specialization of its 12 product brands which are: Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden and Opel among others. The company has been focusing on improving its production volumes and product quality by focusing fully on improving its overall performance. The companys through put performance can however, be increased by improving and developing the product designs and operations relating to product manufacture (T. Rosell et al, 2014).This is only possible with technology advancement and modern technology implementation. Therefore, the company has always made use of its manufacturing technology by managing and controlling activities and procedures in its three major manufacturing related areas: It develops an algorithm that estimates the throughput performance by use of modern technology, pointing out system and operation bottlenecks and estimating buffer allocation (Bayou and De Korvin, 2008). Installation of real-time plant-floor-data-collecting systems that help support the algorithm system Created and developed a common process for identifying manufacturing opportunities and implementing performance improvements. Through these three activities in the manufacturing department, the company has been able to increase its product volumes, increase product quality and increase revenues eventually (Chang et al, 2008). Marketing Technology Interface Just like any other growing and expanding international business enterprise, General motors is has also adopted the use of the improved technology to conduct its sales and marketing operations. The company has always relied on technology development to perform its business operations. However, because of the recent high rates of technology development the companys marketing and advertising operations are made easier as well as more effective (Akamatsu et al, 2014). The emergence of increased social media use by the customers to view products, conduct product purchases, conduct product reviews and communicate to and with business organizations has affected automotive companies and led them into adopting these strategies. General Motors therefore uses the internet and other social networking sites to make its sales, conduct product promotions, marketing operations, product advertisements, general information sharing and updating to the consumers among other things. In addition to that, the company has also created its own websites and pages in the internet and the social media platforms like in Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and Instagram. The aim is either to penetrate different markets or expand its market. Organization Technology Interface An organizational structure of a company can be adversely affected by a businesss technology use. General Motors is headed by a board of directors, which is headed by the chairman and then the CEO, the Presidents, Vice presidents, other managers and then the employees respectively (Akamatsu et al, 2013). The structure is effective in such a way that the companys business operations are effective and efficient at the end of each day. The management team makes decisions that relate to every business aspects including technology advancement and usage. Therefore, ii is important to note that, the companys management team has always focused on choosing the best technology to be used in the business simply because its entire operations rely completely on technology advancement and status. Additionally, the company has also relied on technology to coordinate, supervise and allocate roles and responsibilities in the organization which makes it more effective than anything else in the company . TOYOTA CMPANY GENERAL MOTORS COMPANY Its global strategy focuses on the general business improvement but mostly on the increase and improvement of product quality which determines the value of the product by the customer hence determine market share and segment Focuses on improving its customer base (market share and segment) by changing its product focus to target every/any customer at any and every level. i.e. improving its focus on the developing countries markets as well rather than the developed countries only Main purpose is to use modern technology to improve product quality. Manufacturing operation aims at improving its overall business operations, its production volume and quality and production methods. Conclusion Toyota Motors and General Motors Companies are some of the worlds best and largest automobile producers and sellers. The companies have contributed immensely to society and economic prosperity by manufacturing and selling of automobile appliance and spare parts. The companies have maintained their position in the automobile global market by focusing on the use of the best, effective and efficient global strategies, manufacturing techniques and strategies, marketing strategies and organizational structures. However, all of these business aspects in these companies have been greatly affected and caused by technology which means that in case the technology improves, these aspects improve as well. In that case, I can say that technology is basically a major part of these companies operations and performance in the global market. References Audenino, A., 2012, December. Kaizen and Lean management autonomy and self-orientation, potentiality and reality. InCommunications, Computing and Control Applications (CCCA), 2012 2nd International Conference on(pp. 1-6). IEEE. Akamatsu, M., Green, P. and Bengler, K., 2013. Automotive technology and human factors research: Past, present, and future.International journal of vehicular technology,2013. 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